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Alabama

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for Alabama.

280Documented
5In custody
155Released
3Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in Alabama

Where Alabama’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 176 1960s 36 1970s 26 2020s 11 1950s 11 1980s 4

Documented cases

280 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

J
John Howard
John Howard was a Black participant arrested in the October 22, 1933 police raid on an interracial unemploymen...
A
Asbury Howard Jr.
Released
Asbury Howard Jr., a Korean War veteran, was arrested on a disorderly-conduct charge after he was beaten defen...
D
Dave Mack Humphrey
Dave Mack Humphrey was an Alabama A&M student whose rape prosecutions became the subject of a campaign allegin...
F
Fred Hurst
The July 23 Talladega dispatch individually identifies him among four Samoset Cotton Mill union men already he...
E
Ernest Hutchins
The June 22 report individually lists eight Black workers arrested during home raids after the Cotta-Seville c...
B
Ben Irby
Released
Ben Irby was a Black farm hand from Dallas County, Alabama. Authorities arrested him in August 1931 for posses...
P
Percy Irvin
Released
Percy Irvin was a Black man executed by electrocution at Kilby Prison, Alabama, on March 11, 1932, alongside I...
H
Harry Jackson (Birmingham TUUL organizer)
Released
Harry Jackson was a Trade Union Unity League organizer arrested at a mass meeting in Birmingham, Alabama on Ju...
J
James Jackson (Montgomery strike interrogation, 1935)
Named with Charles Tasker as a Montgomery worker arrested and interrogated about Share Croppers Union secretar...
C
Cliff James
Released
Cliff James was a sharecropper and a leader of the Share Croppers' Union whose farm was the site of the 19 Dec...
D
David James
David James was a working-class leader named by the Daily Worker among those arrested in a Birmingham crackdow...
J
John James
John James was a working-class leader named by the Daily Worker among those arrested in a Birmingham crackdown...
T
Thomas Jasper
Thomas Jasper was a thirty-five-year-old Black worker held in the Huntsville city jail on an accusation of ann...
E
Eugene Jessup
Released
Eugene Jessup was identified in contemporary rosters of prisoners confined for conscientious or antiwar resist...
C
Christopher Lynn Johnson
Released
Christopher Lynn Johnson was arrested by the FBI on June 1, 1995 and prosecuted for the August 1994 fire at Ra...
E
Ed Johnson
Released
Ed Johnson was a Black city employee in Selma, Alabama. The Daily Worker of December 12, 1934, page 2, reports...
L
Lizzie Johnson
Released
Lizzie Johnson was a Black woman worker beaten and jailed by police on May Day 1934 in the context of Birmingh...
W
Wes Johnson (Henry County lynching, 1937)
Wes Johnson was a Black prisoner in the Henry County, Alabama jail accused of attacking a white woman. Souther...
F
Fred Keith
Fred Keith was arrested with Israel Berlin while loading copies of the August Southern Worker into a car in Bi...
C
Charles Kelley
Released
Charles Kelley was one of the eleven Atmore-Holman Brothers — Alabama prisoners and active members of Inmates...
G
Gil Lewis
Released
Gil Lewis was a Trade Union Unity League organizer arrested at a mass meeting in Birmingham, Alabama on July 5...
D
Dave London
Released
Dave London was a Birmingham worker arrested in the October 1934 literature raid. The October 25 Birmingham di...
H
Helen Long
Helen Long was a Black woman arrested in Fairfield, Alabama after police found three Communist election leafle...
B
Belle Martin
Released
Belle Martin described her own Birmingham, Alabama arrest while picketing the WPA sewing-room project at Tenth...

Institutions in Alabama

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in Alabama that appear in the census’s case files.

Birmingham City JailBirmingham, Alabama
20 cases
Kilby PrisonMontgomery, Alabama
11 cases
Atmore State PrisonAtmore, Alabama
8 cases
Holman PrisonAtmore, Alabama
7 cases
Montgomery City JailMontgomery, Alabama
4 cases
Jefferson County Jail (Birmingham, Alabama)Birmingham, Alabama
4 cases
Montgomery County JailMontgomery, Alabama
3 cases
Etowah County JailGadsden, Alabama
1 case