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California

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for California.

1,527Documented
39In custody
899Released
17Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in California

Where California’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 354 1970s 205 1960s 199 1910s 174 2020s 131 1980s 90

Documented cases

1,527 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

F
F. J. Cole
Released
F. J. Cole served on the Sailors’ Union of the Pacific publicity committee. The September 6, 1935 Voice of the...
R
R. D. Coleman
A July 12 Ventura report in the July 23 Western Worker identifies R. D. Coleman organizing unemployed workers...
S
Sam Coleman
Released
Sam Coleman was a Communist Party official tried in San Francisco for sheltering Smith Act fugitives Robert Th...
J
John Colip
Released
John Colip was a U.S. Army soldier and one of the "Presidio 27" — the stockade prisoners at the Presidio of Sa...
H
Harry Collentz
Released
Harry Collentz was a defendant in the Sacramento criminal-syndicalism prosecution arising from the organizing...
E
Ed Condon
Released
Ed Condon was one of the railway shopmen convicted in the frame-up that grew out of the 1922 nationwide shop-c...
N
Nora Conklin
Released
Nora Conklin organized unemployed workers in Sacramento and helped them obtain relief through the Unemployed C...
F
Frank Connelly
The San Pedro dispatch dated July 5, 1934 identifies Frank Connelly as a picket jailed on suspicion of burglar...
P
Philip Connelly
Released
Philip “Slim” Connelly was a California labor journalist, former head of the Los Angeles CIO Council, and edit...
J
Josh Connole
Green Anarchy reported that vegan peace activist Josh Connole was detained as an environmental-arson suspect,...
T
Tom Connors
Released
Tom Connors was an IWW officer. Tom Connors served a prison sentence in San Quentin from June 2, 1925, to Febr...
B
Booker T. Cooke Jr.
Released
Booker T. Cooke Jr. was a Sacramento City College student and former president of its Black Student Union. He...
C
Clarence Copens
Released
Clarence Copens was one of the Camp Pendleton 14, a group of Black Marines arrested after a November 13, 1976...
R
Ronald Alexis Coreas
Ronald Alexis Coreas was prosecuted for his involvement in the June 8, 2025 protest against immigration enforc...
J
John J. Cornelison
Released
John J. Cornelison was a California labor prisoner serving a life sentence on a murder charge arising from a S...
R
Robert Chavez Cortez
Robert Chavez Cortez was arrested in Anaheim, California, on November 6, 2025, during an encounter in which pe...
J
Jim Cosner
Released
Jim Cosner was arrested during a May 22, 2002 demonstration in Santa Cruz, California, opposing Representative...
W
Walter J. Coto
Walter J. Coto was a California prisoner represented in the March 20, 2012 public petition to the United Natio...
W
William Cottrell
William “Billy” Cottrell was detained in a Los Angeles Earth Liberation Front prosecution in 2004.
M
Michael Couch
Released
Michael Couch was identified in contemporary lists of prisoners confined for conscientious or antiwar resistan...
T
Therese Coupez
Released
White anti-imperialist activist imprisoned in federal custody at FCI Pleasanton on resistance-related charges...
J
Jesse Cover
Released
Jesse Cover was a World War I conscientious objector who refused military service and was court-martialed and...
J
Joe Coya
Joe Coya was arrested in February 1924 with sixteen other IWW members at a union conference in Sacramento, Cal...
D
Donald Craig
Released
Donald Craig, identified as Donald (2X) Craig, was a Nation of Islam member detained following a January 25, 1...

Institutions in California

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in California that appear in the census’s case files.

San Quentin State PrisonSan Quentin, California
171 cases
Federal Bureau of Prisons
60 cases
Sharp Park Detention CampSharp Park, California
33 cases
Presidio StockadeSan Francisco, California
27 cases
Los Angeles County JailLos Angeles, California
26 cases
Folsom State PrisonFolsom, California
22 cases
San Quentin Rehabilitation CenterSan Quentin, California
16 cases
Metropolitan Detention Center, Los AngelesLos Angeles, California
14 cases