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New York

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for New York.

2,078Documented
40In custody
1,023Released
12Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in New York

Where New York’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 714 1940s 176 1970s 171 1920s 166 1910s 166 1950s 159

Documented cases

2,078 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

Richard Clark
Richard Clark was an incarcerated organizer and leader during the 1971 Attica prison uprising. Contemporary re...
Omowale Clay
Released
Black liberation organizer and longtime co-founder of the December 12th Movement, charged as a New York 8+ def...
William Clay
Released
William “Pete” Clay was a one-armed worker and Daily Worker newspaper seller who supported the 1936 East Coast...
Lona Cohen
In Exile
Lona Cohen was an American Communist and Soviet intelligence courier. As the Rosenberg investigation reached t...
Mitch Cohen
Released
Mitch Cohen was a Stony Brook campus activist jailed after his arrest while challenging exclusion from campus....
Morris Cohen
In Exile
Morris Cohen was an American Communist, veteran of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade and Soviet intelligence agent....
Stanley Cohen
Released
Stanley L. Cohen is an American radical defense attorney known for representing politically targeted clients i...
Moana Cole
Released
Moana Cole is a New Zealand peace activist and one of the four Catholic Worker members of the ANZUS (Australia...
Rosa Cortez Collazo
Released
Rosa Cortez Collazo was a Puerto Rican independence activist and wife of Oscar Collazo, one of the two Puerto...
Robert Collier
Released
Robert Steele Collier was a longtime Harlem-based revolutionary and one of the New York Panther 21. He had bee...
Tom Cornell
Released
Thomas Charles Cornell was an American pacifist organizer, ordained Catholic deacon, longtime member of the Ca...
Malcolm Cowley
Malcolm Cowley is individually named in John Howard Lawson’s report among writers and professional workers arr...
Ida Craddock
Released
Ida Craddock was an American sex educator and women's rights activist who wrote instructional sex ed pamphlets...
George Crockett
Released
George W. Crockett Jr. was one of the defense attorneys in the 1949 Foley Square Smith Act trial of the eleven...
James Cromitie
Released
James Cromitie was a Newburgh, New York Walmart employee and convicted petty criminal at the time he was appro...
Carol Crooks
Released
Carol Crooks was a Black woman imprisoned at the Bedford Hills Correctional Facility for Women in New York who...
Eduardo Cruz
Released
Eduardo “Pancho” Cruz was a Puerto Rican independence activist and pre-law student at City College who founded...
María Cueto
Released
María Cueto was the director of the National Commission on Hispanic Affairs of the Episcopal Church and a well...
Manuel Cuevas Diaz
Released
Manuel Cuevas Diaz was a Spanish Republican sailor who fought Franco, survived internment in French North Afri...
Leon Czolgosz
Released
Leon Czolgosz was an anarchist. Leon Czolgosz was arrested on September 6, 1901 for assassinating President Wi...
William Daley
Released
William Daley was arrested at the United Nations in 1954 and committed to the Bellevue psychiatric ward for pr...
Meredith Dallas
Released
Meredith Dallas was one of the eight Union Theological Seminary students known as the "Union Eight" who, on Oc...
Bruce Dancis
Released
On December 14, 1966, 18-year-old Cornell University SDS activist Bruce Dancis tore his draft card into four p...
Benjamin J. Davis Jr.
Released
Benjamin J. Davis Jr. was One of twelve Communists sentenced under Dennis v. United States. Bejamin J. Davis J...

Institutions in New York

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in New York that appear in the census’s case files.

Ellis Island Immigration StationNew York, New York
215 cases
Fort LafayetteNew York, New York
202 cases
Manhattan House of Detention (the Tombs)New York, New York
21 cases
Attica Correctional FacilityAttica, New York
20 cases
Sing Sing Correctional FacilityOssining, New York
15 cases
Ellis IslandNew York, New York
15 cases
Metropolitan Correctional CenterNew York, New York
10 cases
MDC BrooklynBrooklyn, New York
9 cases