Biography
Joe Carroll was prosecuted under World War I–era wartime speech statutes (chiefly the Espionage Act or Sedition Act). Recorded offense: Conspiracy to violate federal statutes, including the Espionage Act. Sentence: 3 years. This case is documented in the National Civil Liberties Bureau's March 1919 compilation "War-Time Prosecutions and Mob Violence."
Joseph Carroll, a laborer from Maryland, was convicted at the mass YWW trial in Sacramento and sentenced to three years in prison. He served in Leavenworth Penitentiary until his sentence expired on May 17, 1920. Carroll was repeatedly placed in "isolation on restricted diet" for "failing to break enough rock, " "laziness, " and "disobeying orders."
The March 1920 One Big Union Monthly prisoner roster, under the printed name CARROLL , JOSEPH, reports: Federal . Indicted Sacramento , Cal . , Feb. 8 , 1918 . Conspiracy to violate Sections 6 , 9 , 19 and 37 and Section 4 of Espionage Act. Bail , $ 10,000 . Sentenced to 3 years . Leavenworth Federal prison. This is the contemporary labor organization’s account. Indictment, bail and imposed sentence are distinguished from physical admission, actual release and complete time served; no missing custody endpoint is inferred. Source: https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/pubs/one-big-union-monthly/v02n03-mar-1920_One%20Big%20Union.pdf#page=8
