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Timothy Leary

Released In Exile
Full name:Timothy Francis Leary
Date of birth:22. 10. 1920
Date of death:31. 05. 1996
Age:75† Deceased
Gender:Male
Race:White
Era:1970s
State:Massachusetts
Time Imprisoned:
3 Years 9 Months 25 Days
Support
Civil Liberties
Timothy Leary

Biography

Leary was a psychologist and psychedelic evangelist who became one of the most visible figures of the 1960s counterculture, arguing for expanded consciousness and challenging mainstream drug laws and norms after departing Harvard University.

His public campaign collided repeatedly with the criminal legal system. He was arrested and convicted on marijuana charges in the mid-1960s, with one key conviction later undone by the Supreme Court of the United States, and he was sentenced again in 1970 on a subsequent marijuana case. While imprisoned, he escaped custody with help from underground allies, including the drug-smuggling network known as the Brotherhood of Eternal Love. He was captured abroad in Afghanistan in 1972, extradited back to the U.S., and later released from prison in the mid-1970s.

The Berkeley lecture report describes Leary’s actual presence at a public University of California event and reunion with Eldridge Cleaver. It says they had been in federal prison together in the preceding year and discusses Leary’s appeal and earlier state escape conviction. Its 1972 Afghanistan-arrest year differs from other chronology and is retained only as an attributed retrospective statement, not used to overwrite established dates. No new exact discharge day is supplied.

Daily Pilot, January 12, 1977 (local editions), PDF page 3.

The escape appendix describes his departure from California Men’s Colony but heads it September 13, 1970, in conflict with the independently documented September 12. It quotes the Weather Underground’s September 15 claim of assistance. This source discrepancy does not justify changing the established custody endpoint or treating escape as authorized release.

Report of the New York State Policy Study Group on Terrorism, November 1985, PDF page 83.

Cases

Norfolk County Jail
Charges: Drug charges
Released: Apr 21, 1976
Sentence: Release endpoint corrected to April 21, 1976, as documented by the Harry Ransom Center collection biography. This generic overview overlaps the separately recorded post-recapture custody; no duplicate incarceration interval is added.
Institution State: Massachusetts
Security: Medium
Mailing Address: Norfolk County Jail 200 West Street Dedham, MA 02026.
California Men's Colony
Charges: Marijuana possession (arrested December 26, 1968 in Laguna Beach, California).
Arrested: Dec 26, 1968
Sentenced: Mar 16, 1970
Incarcerated: Feb 19, 1970
Released: Sep 12, 1970
In exile since: September 1970
Exile ended: Jan 18, 1973
Sentence: Custody began February 19, 1970, according to Leary's contemporaneous bail memorandum and Allen Ginsberg's account. The California appellate opinion records the March 16, 1970 judgment and prison sentence of six months to ten years, confinement at Chino and Vacaville, and transfer to California Men's Colony on May 13. He escaped September 12, 1970; the custody endpoint denotes escape, not an authorized release. Departure abroad is recorded only as September 1970, rather than treating the next day as a verified border crossing. The Senate chronology distinguishes arrest in Afghanistan on January 14, 1973 from return to the United States on January 18. The appellate opinion prints 1972 for that journey; the contemporary chronology establishes 1973. The earlier Laredo federal prosecution is distinct.
Convicted: Yes
Institution State: California
Folsom State Prison
Charges: Returned to U.S. custody.
Arrested: Jan 14, 1973
Incarcerated: Jan 18, 1973
Released: Apr 21, 1976
Sentence: Arrested in Afghanistan January 14, 1973; returned to U.S. prison custody January 18, 1973, as distinguished in the Senate Weather Underground report, appendix VI. The earlier arrest date is retained, but is not treated as California prison admission. Held in California prisons until April 21, 1976, the release date documented by the Harry Ransom Center. This interval excludes the preceding period abroad and remains separate from the 1970 imprisonment before escape.
Convicted: Yes
Institution State: California