Biography
Tom Hayden was a founder of Students for a Democratic Society and the principal author of its 1962 Port Huron Statement, the founding document of the New Left. As a coordinator of the demonstrations against the 1968 Democratic National Convention he was prosecuted as one of the Chicago Eight. He went on to a 40-year career in California politics, serving in the State Assembly and Senate.
The Chicago conspiracy trial (September 24, 1969 – February 20, 1970) prosecuted eight organizers of the demonstrations outside the 1968 Democratic National Convention under the new federal anti-riot provisions of the 1968 Civil Rights Act. The proceedings before Judge Julius Hoffman became one of the most chaotic and politically charged trials in American history. Bobby Seale's case was severed after Hoffman ordered him bound and gagged in court for demanding the right to represent himself; the remaining seven became known as the Chicago Seven. The jury acquitted all seven of conspiracy and acquitted Froines and Weiner on all charges, but convicted Davis, Dellinger, Hayden, Hoffman, and Rubin of crossing state lines with intent to incite a riot.
The defendants were arrested in March 1969, booked, and held in the Cook County Jail before posting bail in the days that followed. During the trial itself Judge Hoffman repeatedly held them in contempt and ordered them taken into custody from the courtroom — Bobby Seale most famously, but the other seven and their attorneys as well, accumulating 159 contempt citations between them. Each convicted defendant was sentenced to five years in prison and a $5,000 fine, with bail pending appeal granted within weeks; the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals reversed all the riot-act convictions in November 1972 and the contempt convictions in May 1972, and the government declined to retry, so the underlying five-year sentences were never served.
Zinn individually names this Freedom Rider among those jailed in Albany following the December 10, 1961 railway-terminal arrests. The account says Hayden was released before the remaining group; it does not supply an individual final discharge day or a complete duration for this person. Howard Zinn, Albany, Southern Regional Council SRC22, January 8, 1962, original PDF page 17. Source: https://www.crmvet.org/info/6201_zinn_albany.pdf#page=17
