Biography
Sam Horino, a steering-committee member of the Fair Play Committee, was one of the seven leaders of the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee, the organized draft-resistance movement among Japanese Americans imprisoned at the Heart Mountain concentration camp in Wyoming during World War II. The Committee held that it was unconstitutional to draft incarcerated Nisei — U.S. citizens stripped of their rights and held behind barbed wire with their families — unless those citizenship rights were first restored. In October 1944 the leaders were tried in federal court in Cheyenne for conspiracy to counsel draft evasion; the jury convicted all seven, and on November 2, 1944 Judge Eugene Rice sentenced them to four years at the Leavenworth federal penitentiary. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit overturned the conspiracy convictions in 1945.
Photo: Sam Horino during his February 22, 1993 oral-history interview. Courtesy of the Frank Abe Collection and Densho, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.
The prison admission records identify historical Leavenworth register 61432-L. They record receipt at Leavenworth on December 19, 1944. This is a facility-arrival milestone, not an established first date of overall U.S. custody or a complete sentence-service total. National Archives prison file.
