Biography
William Douglas identifies this St. Paul Socialist draft resister among eight men confined at Camp Dodge in February 1918 after the Fort Snelling stockade. On March 11 the men received court-martial sentences of twenty-five years, except Allan Broms, who received twenty. The sentences were upheld by June 14 and the men were transferred to Leavenworth. The imposed term is not a verified duration actually served. William R. Douglas, The Germans Would Court-Martial Me, Too: St. Paul’s World War I Socialist Draft Resisters, Minnesota History 55(7), Fall1997 pp286–301, original PDF page 3. Source: https://storage.googleapis.com/mnhs-org-support/mn_history_articles/55/v55i07p286-301.pdf#page=3
