Biography
Carl Ohm, also printed as Karl Ohm, legally entered the United States in April 1929. He was an International Labor Defense member arrested during an October 1932 New York demonstration against the persecution of Black people. Immigration officials sought to deport him to Germany, alleging membership in the Communist Party or Young Communist League. He was detained at Ellis Island while the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born and attorney Irving Schwab fought his case. On November 4, 1935, the Second Circuit reversed the deportation order and directed a new hearing because the immigration inspector who heard the witnesses had not supplied the required findings. The Department of Labor's Board of Review subsequently upheld a deportation order in September 1936.
The Daily Worker’s anti-deportation appeal printed his name as Carl Ohm in the text and Karl Ohm beneath his portrait. It grouped him with other anti-Nazi immigrants facing removal, describing detention at Ellis Island or detention pens before transfer without assigning a particular facility individually. Source: https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/pubs/dailyworker/1935/v12-n071-NAT-mar-23-1935-DW-Q.pdf#page=5
The report individually names this labor deportee among those then held while Mannisto was removed. Threatened deportation and predicted fascist persecution are not recorded as completed removal or death; earlier and later bail evidence remains separate. Daily Worker, December 30, 1935, original PDF page 3. Source: https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/pubs/dailyworker/1935/v12-n314-NY-dec-30-DW-Q.pdf#page=3
The report says the Department of Labor Board of Review upheld a deportation order and the American Committee for Protection of the Foreign Born informed him September 16. It identifies the underlying New York Black civil-rights demonstration arrest and Irving Schwab’s litigation through two federal courts. The article’s year for Hitler’s accession is erroneous; no corrected arrest year is inferred from that line. The order establishes no actual departure to Germany.
Page3’s anti-fascist deportation report identifies Carl Ohm as ordered to surrender Friday, December27, following a civil-rights demonstration; an order to report is not proof of actual surrender. It attributes political grounds and danger of persecution to the AmericanCommitteeForProtectionOfForeignBorn. No new detention episode is created merely from this interim status.
The anti-Nazi refugee defense call names this worker among people threatened with deportation to Germany. It specifically describes Alfred Miller as a Montana farm-paper editor and Becker’s two brothers as concentration-camp prisoners; Richter was ordered to surrender May 15 and leave his American-born wife. Inclusion in the appeal alone is not proof that every listed person was then jailed or deported; independently recorded bail and later outcomes are retained.
The review of Charles Recht’s The Right of Asylum names Sallitto and Ferrero as California residents held for deportation to Italy over renting restaurant office space to anarchists. It separately lists Eric Becker, Carl Ohm, Otto Richter, Stella Petrosky and Walter Baer among radical or labor activists held for deportation. These are current detention and threatened removal references, not proof of actual deportation, a new admission or individually measured custody.
